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Repairing chronic myocardial infarction with autologous mesenchymal stem cells engineered tissue in rat promotes angiogenesis and limits ventricular remodeling

Pablo Maureira1,2,3,5*, Pierre-Yves Marie3,4, Fengxu Yu2, Sylvain Poussier4, Yihua Liu1,2, Frederique Groubatch2, Aude Falanga2 and Nguyen Tran2,3

Author Affiliations

1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France

2 School of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France

3 INSERM, U961, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France

4 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nancyclotep, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France

5 Service de Chirurgie Cardio-vasculaire, CHU-Nancy, Hôpital de Brabois, Allée du Morvan, Vandœuvre Cedex, 54511, France

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Journal of Biomedical Science 2012, 19:93 doi:10.1186/1423-0127-19-93

Published: 12 November 2012

Abstract

Background

Tissue engineering scaffold constitutes a new strategy of myocardial repair. Here, we studied the contribution of a patch using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on collagen-1 scaffold on the cardiac reconstruction in rat model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods

Patches were cultured with controlled MSCs (growth, phenotype and potentiality). Twenty coronary ligated rats with tomoscingraphy (SPECT)-authenticated transmural chronic MI were referred into a control group (n = 10) and a treated group (n = 10) which beneficiated an epicardial MSC-patch engraftment. Contribution of MSC-patch was tested 1-mo after using non-invasive SPECT cardiac imaging, invasive hemodynamic assessment and immunohistochemistry.

Results

3D-collagen environment affected the cell growth but not the cell phenotype and potentiality. MSC-patch integrates well the epicardial side of chronic MI scar. In treated rats, one-month SPECT data have documented an improvement of perfusion in MI segments compared to control (64 ± 4% vs 49 ± 3% p = 0.02) and a reduced infarction. Contractile parameter dp/dtmax and dp/dtmin were improved (p & 0.01). Histology showed an increase of ventricular wall thickness (1.75 ± 0.24 vs 1.35 ± 0.32 mm, p &0.05) and immunochemistry of the repaired tissue displayed enhanced angiogenesis and myofibroblast-like tissue.

Conclusion

3D-MSC-collagen epicardial patch engraftment contributes to reverse remodeling of chronic MI.

Keywords:
Chronic myocardial infarction; Tissue engineering; Mesenchymal stem cell; Ventriculoplasty