Table 2
Summary of in vitro magnolol effect on cardiovascular system
Concentration Effect Reference
Low (≦1 μM) to Moderate
0.1‒10 μM Diminish PMA‒induced neutrophil activation and reduce neutrophil adhesion ability [44]
Moderate (1–100 μM)
5‒10 μM Inhibited TNFα‒induced VACM‒1 expression in aortic endothelial cells [37]
10 μM Inhibit proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts [23]
16.8 μM Inhibit LPS‒induced macrophage activation [35]
5‒20 μM Induce intrinsic apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells [25]
5‒20 μM Inhibit TNFα‒induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation [27]
>20 μM Downregulate IL‒6‒induced ICAM‒1 expression in endothelial cells and suppress monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells [41]
2.5‒20 μM Inhibit copper‒induced ox‒LDL triggered endothelial cell apoptosis [33,34]
24.2 μM Inhibit neutrophil aggregation [38]
3‒30 μM Inhibit collagen‒induced platelet serotonin release [43]
5‒50 μM Suppress fMLP‒activated neutrophil migration [20]
30‒90 μM induce cytosolic‒free Ca2+ elevation in neutrophil [36]
Moderate to High (≧100 μM)
200 μM Reduce serum‒induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation [26]
40‒400 μM block norepinephrine‒ or high K+−induced contraction of aorta [30]
60‒150 μM Inhibit biosynthesis of platelet‒activating factor from PMNs [44]

Ho and Hong Journal of Biomedical Science 2012 19:70   doi:10.1186/1423-0127-19-70

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