Figure 5.

Representative graph showing Real-Time amplification of muscarinic M1 mRNA from the corpus striatum of control, diabetic and insulin treated diabetic rats. Control, Diabetic, Insulin treated diabetic rats. The ΔΔCT method of relative quantification was used to determine the fold change in expression. This was done by first normalizing the resulting threshold cycle (CT) values of the target mRNAs to the CT values of the internal control β-actin in the same samples (ΔCT = CT_Target – CT β-actin). It was further normalize with the control (ΔΔCT = ΔCT – CT_Control). The fold change in expression was then obtained (2^-ΔΔCT). The graph was plotted using log 2^-ΔΔCT. Values are mean ± S.D of 4–6 separate experiments. Relative Quantification values and standard deviations are shown in the table. The relative ratios of mRNA levels were calculated using the ΔΔCT method normalized with β-actin CT value as the internal control and Control CT value as the calibrator.